Volvo L70D Wheel Loader Service & Repair Manual (2013)

Volvo Construction Equipment Service Information for the L70D four-wheel-drive articulated wheel loader, dated April 24, 2013. This service and repair manual brings together factory procedures, system descriptions, diagnostic information, and specifications for the TD63KGE engine and HT90 transmission.

Reading the Service Sheets and Schematics

Search, navigation, and diagram detail: PDF text search and embedded bookmarks are not available. Small schematic labels require zooming. Some reduced diagrams are cropped at the page edge; separate larger versions are also included. Some internal cross-references appear as unresolved placeholders.

One printable English PDF contains 658 pages, including 50 exact duplicate pages and one blank page.

Powertrain Repairs and Hydraulic Diagnosis

These coverage highlights are a selection rather than a complete contents list. Additional topics include towing and starting with booster batteries.

• Engine repair: Step-by-step procedures for engine removal and installation, compression testing, valve adjustment, and front crankshaft-seal replacement.

• Fuel and cooling: Fuel-system bleeding, idle-speed and injection-angle checks, stall-speed testing, and hydraulic cooling-fan removal, installation, pressure testing, and speed adjustment.

• Transmission diagnosis: HT90 removal and installation, main and clutch pressure checks, poor-pulling-power troubleshooting, and APS II shift-control descriptions.

• Axles and brakes: Front axle and rear axle suspension removal and installation, differential-lock adjustment, brake-disc replacement, circuit bleeding, and foot brake valve reconditioning.

• Steering and articulation: Steering cylinder and steering valve reconditioning, CDC lever-steering checks, secondary-steering functions, and frame-joint bearing replacement.

• Working hydraulics: Lift, tilt, auxiliary-function, standby, working, and servo pressure checks, plus BSS400 function testing and accumulator precharge procedures.

• Electrical fault tracing: Wiring diagrams, circuit and component lists, V-ECU/I-ECU input and output tables, service-display readings, and operating logs.

Suited to mechanics familiar with hydraulic pressure testing, electrical fault tracing, and lifting heavy assemblies, with access to the specified service tools.

Engine, Fuel System, and Cooling Fan

Compression-test guidance explains how differences between cylinders can point toward valve, piston-ring, liner, or head-gasket problems. The procedure identifies extractor 999 6643 and compression-test adapter 999 8009.

Engine reference tables provide bore and stroke, compression ratio, torque output, idle speeds, and valve-clearance data. Timing and crankshaft-related procedures reference tools 999 3590 and 999 3950; injection-angle checking uses timing tool 998 7057.

The hydraulic cooling-fan section connects pressure and speed tests with V-ECU commands, temperature-sensor inputs, and MA202 valve operation. It distinguishes the selectable cooling programs and explains the system’s response to sensor faults.

The engine procedures flag damage risks at the front seal seat and at prestressed injector delivery pipes, which can break if reshaped. Engine-removal instructions also address transmission-sump deformation from incorrect jacking.

HT90 Transmission and AWB15 Axle Configurations

The HT90 documentation identifies the XT 379A single-stage torque converter and the optional mechanical low-range arrangement. Troubleshooting connects poor pulling power and missing gears with stall-speed results, clutch pressures, electrical faults, and gear-selector valve operation.

APS II descriptions cover mode selection, kick-down, gear-selector priority, shift solenoids, and travel-speed inputs. Transmission diagrams identify the main, clutch, converter, and lubrication circuits.

AWB15 axle product numbers distinguish standard front and rear units, 23848 and 23849; the front dog-clutch differential-lock axle, 23850; and front/rear limited-slip units, 23867 and 23865. These distinctions help match configuration-specific parts and procedures before repair work begins.

Wet-Disc Brakes, Steering, and Frame Joint

Brake service extends to piston seals, impeller transfer and centering, integrated wear indicators, accumulator checks, circuit-pressure adjustment, and retardation testing. The built-in brake-test function and service-display log provide measured braking information.

Steering coverage includes the OSPB 400LS closed-center valve and variable-displacement axial-piston pump. CDC documentation adds control-lever voltage checks, steering-speed adjustment, and control-valve neutral-position checks.

Frame-joint work includes bearing replacement and shim selection. Rear axle suspension checks distinguish axial and radial play.

Load-Sensing Hydraulics and BSS400

The hydraulic descriptions explain how the parallel pumps and central valve distribute flow among steering, brakes, servo controls, and working hydraulics. Control-valve sections show load holding, anti-cavitation, float position, and single-acting lift operation.

BSS400 coverage includes pressure balancing, gear-dependent and speed-dependent engagement, accumulator unloading, nitrogen precharge checks, and CT8 pressure-reducing valve adjustment. Hydraulic diagrams also document third/fourth functions, attachment locking, and GP and HD hydraulic arrangements.

Contronic Diagnostics and System Diagrams

The 999 3721 service display section explains live signals, stored operating information, settings, and log resets. CAN/J1939 and J1708/1587 communication descriptions connect the V-ECU and I-ECU with the diagnostic interfaces.

Diagram examples include Wiring Diagram 3 for starting, preheating, and engine stop; the hydraulic cooling-fan circuit; Communication with Data Buses; and the Principle Illustration with ECUs. APS II mode-selector illustrations and automatic-shift condition charts support transmission diagnosis.

Circuit-board notes distinguish earlier RE11 relay arrangements from boards with an integrated protective diode. Component lists connect wiring-diagram references with circuit numbers and component designations.

Maintenance Planning, Cab, and Air Conditioning

The Time Guide supplies operation numbers and labor-hour allowances for estimating workshop jobs. Lubricant charts, fluid-capacity tables, and maintenance schedules cover the engine, cooling system, fuel tank, transmission, axles, and hydraulics, with conditions affecting service intervals.

Cab removal and installation procedures address suspension elements and shim placement. HVAC coverage includes evaporator cleaning, R134a charge specifications, pressure references, and performance-test temperature tables.

Detailed air-conditioning component repair is referred to the separate Air Conditioning, R134a service manual. The included material covers system operation, electrical controls, and performance checks.

For heavy repair work, the manual calls for locking the articulated frame joint, relieving hydraulic pressure where specified, and using proper lifting support. Air-conditioning connections require care because the system is pressurized and contains refrigerant.

Examples of Valve and Transmission Test Data

For the TD63KGE, the valve tables specify 0.40 mm intake clearance and 0.55 mm exhaust clearance for a cold or hot engine.

HT90 main pressure in neutral and clutch pressure for the forward/reverse gears are specified at 1.30–1.46 MPa with the transmission at normal operating temperature and the engine at high idle.